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Ancient underground structures
To capture the water from springs held meter cameras, and shallow groundwater is captured by a horizontal water intakes, wells and wells.
Meter camera (rectangular or round in plan) arranged from durable materials (concrete, burnt brick, etc.) to improve the yield of the spring water, protection from pollution, contamination and poisoning. The water in the chamber flows through the filter in the wall or the bottom. The filter is arranged from one or more layers of sand, gravel, pebbles, grain size of each subsequent layer, starting from the aquifer, 5-8 times that of the thickness of each layer of 10-15 cm the water is taken through the outlet pipe or pump.
Horizontal water intakes are held at low levels aquifer and shallow groundwater up to a depth of 8 m. the Horizontal water intake consists of a water intake portion, discharge portion and the water collecting well. It is located perpendicular to the groundwater flow. The receiving part of the water intake can be constructed in the form of tubular drains or galleries. For tubular water intake (drainage) are applied, ceramic, asbestos cement, reinforced concrete, plastic, cast iron or steel pipe with circular or slotted holes with the sides of the top of the pipe. A water intake pipe sprinkled with gravel or coarse sand. Continue reading
Mysterious structures — copony
Kofun — is an ancient burial emperors in Japanese — barrow. Classic kofun has the shape of a keyhole, around which dug a water-filled moat, and sometimes even two.
1. Japanese kofun, originates from the ancient tombs of China. The name of the kofun are megalithic tombs, for example Ishibutai kofun. In the narrow sense of the kofun is the burial of partially elongated shape, common in Japan between the 2nd half of the III century BC and the first half of the VII century BC. From this term comes the name of the Kofun period (300-538 years), which is part of the Yamato period in Japanese history.
2. There is an entrance, gate, bridge. Everything is closed and participation is forbidden by Japanese tradition.
3. These Islands unspoiled nature, plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else. For example Tanuki — Japanese raccoon dogs, who sometimes come from the island and scaring the residents of nearby residential areas. Continue reading
Gothic style architecture and the Dzayn
The Gothic style . how the term came about after the Gothic as a style in architecture, has lost its dominant importance. He was the first to introduce Italian sculptor, painter, and probably the first scientist – art historian Giorgio Vasari in the mid 16th century. He introduced this term to identify a new direction in the architecture and painting of the Renaissance or Objection. In his “Biographies of the most famous painters, sculptors and architects,” he introduces the notion of Gothic art, which is forever stuck for the whole era.
The word Gothic comes to us from the Italian language, and even from still earlier era of the late Roman Empire. Initially, the Goths called barbarian tribes which eventually put an end to the Roman domination. So Gothic was for the Romans the definition of barbarism, and it was a dirty word. Gothic does not have any relationship to the Goths, and this term appeared after the Goths had disappeared from the stage of history, but the term caught on and, unlike many of the names of artistic styles, the Gothic style has a clear expression in form and in content. Why Gothic is contrasted with the Renaissance? It’s very simple – the Gothic style – a style of majestic cathedrals and buildings that suppress the personality. All thoughts of a person caught under the influence of Gothic paintings, or architecturally to be directed to God and to suppress unwanted beginning. That is why the Gothic cathedrals are striving upward to the sky, as if renouncing all earthly things. Continue reading
